Bench trial A trial without a jury, in which the judge serves as the fact-finder. Read more about understanding the law here. Alternative dispute resolution A procedure for settling a dispute outside the courtroom. Most forms of ADR are not binding, and involve referral of the case to a neutral party such as an arbitrator or mediator. Shafer knows that federal and state laws and politicians tend to favor mining. Because the technology is still developing, laws governing how AI is used are a work in progress.
Law Dictionary of Legal Terminology
The injury exclusion has been in the tax code since 1918, said the court, but hers was a new argument not covered by the statute. She argued that the money was tax-free because she was the former spouse of the participant. She also argued she should step into his shoes and get the same tax treatment he did. After all, she and her husband got the payments tax-free all those years since 1993 while they were married. After her divorce, Shannon Fernandez received payments relating to her ex-husband’s disability. Her husband had been receiving the payments tax-free since 1993 after he was disabled while working for the L.A. When she started receiving payments in 2007 after divorce, Shannon figured that the payments were still tax-free.
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Business bankruptcy A bankruptcy case in which the debtor is a business or an individual involved in business and the debts are for business purposes. Bankruptcy A legal procedure for dealing with debt problems of individuals and businesses; specifically, a case filed under one of the chapters of title 11 of the United States Code . Appellate About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgment of a lower court or tribunal. For example, the U.S. circuit courts of appeals review the decisions of the U.S. district courts.
Copyright © 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. An act of the highest legislative body of a state or nation. American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. The laws of grammar; the laws of visual perspective.
The IRS disagreed with every argument, saying her monies were retirement monies divided in divorce, so they were taxable. The retirement issue was resolved by statute, the court said.